วันเสาร์ที่ 20 พฤศจิกายน พ.ศ. 2553

                         Wh–Questions


Wh-Questions allow a speaker to find out more information about topics

QuestionWord                                    Function                              

 
what                                  aking for information about something            
                                         asking for repetition or confirmation 
               
 why                                  asking for a reason                      
                             
When                               asking about time                                             

 
where                               asking in or at what place or position                 
which                               asking about choice                                           

who                                 asking what or which person or people (subject)       
  
whom                              asking what or which person or people (object)         
 
whose                             asking about ownership                                         

 
why                                 asking for reason, asking what...for                        

 
why don't                         making a suggestion                                               

 
how                                asking about manner                                               


                                       asking about condition or quality                           
how + adj/adv                asking about extent or degree                                  

 
how far                           distance                                                      

 
how long                         length (time or space)                                  

 
how many                       quantity (countable)                                   

 
how much                       quantity (uncountable)                                

 
how old                           age                                                          
how come (informal)       asking for reason, asking why                   

    
The "grammar" used with wh- questions depends on whether the topic being asked about is the "subject" or "predicate" of a sentence. For the subject pattern, simply replace the person or thing being asked about with the appropriate wh-word.
(Someone has my baseball.)
(Something is bothering you.)
Who has my baseball?
What is bothering you?



For the predicate pattern, wh- question formation depends on whether there is an "auxiliary" verb in the original sentence. Auxiliary or "helping" verbs are verbs that precede main verbs. Auxiliary verbs are italicized in the following sentences.
I can do it.
They are leaving.
I have eaten my lunch.
I should have finished my homework.

To make a question using the predicate pattern, first form a yes/no question by inverting the subject and (first) auxiliary verb. Then, add the appropriate wh- word to the beginning of the sentence.
(You will leave some time.)
? will you leave
When will you leave?
(He is doing something.)
? is he doing
What is he doing?
(They have been somewhere.)
? have they been
Where have they been?

If there is no auxiliary and the verb is "be," invert the subject and verb, then add the appropriate wh- word to the beginning of the sentence.
(He is someone.)
? is he
Who is he?
(The meeting was some time.)
? was the meeting
When was the meeting?

If there is no auxiliary and the verb is not "be," add do to the beginning of the sentence. Then add the appropriate wh-question word. Be sure to "transfer" the tense and number from the main verb to the word do.
(You want something.)
? do you want
What do you want?
(You went somewhere.)
? did you go (past tense)
Where did you go?
(She likes something.)
? does she like (third person -s)
What does she like?


                                    

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