Wh–Questions
Wh-Questions allow a speaker to find out more information about topics
QuestionWord Function
what aking for information about something
asking for repetition or confirmation
asking for repetition or confirmation
why asking for a reason
When asking about time
where asking in or at what place or position
which asking about choice
who asking what or which person or people (subject)
whom asking what or which person or people (object)
whose asking about ownership
why asking for reason, asking what...for
why don't making a suggestion
how asking about manner
asking about condition or quality
asking about condition or quality
how + adj/adv asking about extent or degree
how far distance
how long length (time or space)
how many quantity (countable)
how much quantity (uncountable)
how old age
how come (informal) asking for reason, asking why
The "grammar" used with wh- questions depends on whether the topic being asked about is the "subject" or "predicate" of a sentence. For the subject pattern, simply replace the person or thing being asked about with the appropriate wh-word.
(Someone has my baseball.) (Something is bothering you.) | Who has my baseball? What is bothering you? |
For the predicate pattern, wh- question formation depends on whether there is an "auxiliary" verb in the original sentence. Auxiliary or "helping" verbs are verbs that precede main verbs. Auxiliary verbs are italicized in the following sentences.
I can do it.
They are leaving.
I have eaten my lunch.
I should have finished my homework.
They are leaving.
I have eaten my lunch.
I should have finished my homework.
To make a question using the predicate pattern, first form a yes/no question by inverting the subject and (first) auxiliary verb. Then, add the appropriate wh- word to the beginning of the sentence.
(You will leave some time.) | ? will you leave When will you leave? |
(He is doing something.) | ? is he doing What is he doing? |
(They have been somewhere.) | ? have they been Where have they been? |
If there is no auxiliary and the verb is "be," invert the subject and verb, then add the appropriate wh- word to the beginning of the sentence.
(He is someone.) | ? is he Who is he? |
(The meeting was some time.) | ? was the meeting When was the meeting? |
If there is no auxiliary and the verb is not "be," add do to the beginning of the sentence. Then add the appropriate wh-question word. Be sure to "transfer" the tense and number from the main verb to the word do.
(You want something.) | ? do you want What do you want? |
(You went somewhere.) | ? did you go (past tense) Where did you go? |
(She likes something.) | ? does she like (third person -s) What does she like? |
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